Organizing a Proposal


In this example, we converted a long letter into a standard proposal format. We are not going to show you the full, final proposal here, but we will describe it, and display a sample module from it.

The original letter, shown below in an abbreviated form, had excellent content and quite good organization, but it was 3 full pages in length (plus an attached brochure and a synopsis of various studies.)

Because the proposal was not modular, it lacked impact and clarity. The apparent length of the "proposal" did not match its true value, and the format lacked professionalism.

This is an excellent example of a common business writing error: being unaware of a basic business communication format that the reader expects. We have more to say about this project, but first, look at the letter on the left and the organization we convert it to, which is described on the right.

(Only the body of the letter is shown here and in an abbreviated form. We have changed some details, including the name of the school.)

Background: A small, private school has been operating out of an old house for the past 12 years. It desperately needs to expand but doesn't have the funds to buy land and build a school. The proposal is to be sent to different foundations and agencies, to get some money for a downpayment on land and building.

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This is the original letter/proposal.

I am writing to request a grant to support a project which is in accord with the purpose of your foundation, "To further the improvement of education and health care in the province of British Columbia through providing support for development, equipment, capital projects, teaching, and research.". Our goal is to build a new facility for our school, a school which provides a special opportunity for children in British Columbia.

The Victoria School for Higher Values has introduced a system of education that is unique in Canada but is being implemented in many countries... The benefits of this system, known as ...provide solutions to the problems which are of most concern to educators and parents.

What are the goals? 1. To develop lifelong learners who will have the knowledge, skills, and attitudes to contribute to a healthy ... 2. To develop citizens who...

What are the problems? 1. Violence amongst students... 2. Boredom and lack of motivation...

How does our school meet the goals of education and solve the problems? ...

(three paragraphs about the school's method)
(a paragraph with three lists describing the benefits of the school program)


The Victoria School for Higher Values has been in operation for twelve years and is a Class 1 Independent School certified by the B.C. Ministry of Education. During this time we have helped many children to overcome the effects of stress in their lives and develop a love of learning. Our most limiting factor has been our school faclity, as we have been renting a small... We have estimate the minimum cost of the land and building to be $1,800,000. We wish to request a grant from your foundation to assist us in accomplishing this goal. I have enclosed a brochure from our school and a summary of scientific research on the methods we use.

Thank you for reading this letter of proposal. We would appreciate you letting us know what your requirements are for furthering our grant application.
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This is how to re-organize the letter into a proposal format:
  1. one half-page cover letter
  2. cover page
  3. confidentiality statement
  4. table of contents
  5. 6 pages of the "body"
    • Overview
    • School History
    • School Mission
    • Financial Requirements
    • Benefits of New School
    • Construction Plan
  6. Appendices:
    • Profile of School Staff
    • Testimonials of Parents
    • How the School Uniquely Meets the Goals of Education
    • Brochure
    • Scientific Studies
    • Architectural Drawing
    • Newspaper Article

When reorganized and rewritten, the proposal uses some common but effective techniques to encourage the reader's acceptance.
  • modular design: An organization of the ideas into distinct topics that can be easily understood.
  • descriptive section headings: The reader knows exactly what to expect, and can scan the document quickly. This also creates a meaningful and persuasive table of contents.
  • limited to about 6 pages: Nobody wants to read more unless really "drawn in"
  • important backup relegated to appendices: Like the links in a web site that draw a reader to a deeper level, it is important that the main text references the appendices. The appendices themselves serve at least three purposes:
    • a place to go into detail for the reader who is drawn in
    • opportunity to include "proofs", and other persuasive backup
    • padding, useful to indicate the proposal's status, without burdening the reader
  • lots of "white space": attractive appearance is critical
  • persuasive, short cover letter: the first step to encourage the reader to look at the proposal itself
  • cover page: This adds dignity and is a persuasive tool (to encourage reading further)
  • overview module: a quick read for the busy reader, and to draw the reader into the body of the proposal. (Look at how we wrote the "Overview" module in this proposal.)
  • active voice: Within reason, use the active voice to gain credibility.